US431: IoT – BASED SMART PARKING ARCHITECTURE AND MOBILE APP FOR REAL-TIME MANAGEMENT

Muhamad Akmal Hadi Bin Junaidi University Kuala Lumpur Malaysian Institute Of Information Technology

This study was designed to develop an IoT-based smart parking architecture and mobile application for real-time parking management. The proposed system aims to address parking inefficiency issues by enabling real-time monitoring of parking space availability using low-cost sensors and wireless communication technologies. Ultrasonic and infrared proximity sensors are deployed to detect vehicle presence, while NodeMCU ESP8266 and ESP32 development boards function as the main controllers for data processing and internet connectivity. Sensor data is transmitted to cloud platforms via MQTT and HTTP REST APIs to ensure reliable, scalable communication. Cloud services such as Firebase, ThingSpeak, and Blynk are utilized for real-time data storage, visualization, and mobile application integration. The developed system enhances parking management efficiency, reduces manual monitoring, and provides users with real-time parking information through a mobile interface. The results demonstrate that the proposed architecture can deliver stable, real-time data transmission and is suitable for implementation in smart city parking solutions.